Fakaitduniya

RAMSAR SITE IS AN INTER GOVERNMENTAL TREATY. IT TAKES CARE ABOUT WETLANDS. IT Was signed on 2nd feb. 1971 near in the Ramsar city of iran . It came in to force on 1975.    THE RECORDS OF WETLANDS NOTED DOWN IN MONTREX RECORD.. RAMSAR TREATY IS AN WORLD LEVEL PRACTICE FOR THE MOIST LAND. IN INDIA ITS SUMMIT WAS ORGANISED IN RAJSTHAN GOVT. AND MINISTRY OF ENV. AND JAPAN’S INTERNATIONAL LAKE COMMITTEE. ITS AIM TO PRESERVE THE WATER QUALITY OF LAKE. ACCORDING TO 2015 , 169 COMMITEES HAS ALREADY BEEN SIGNED THIS TREATY. AT PRESENT MORE THAN 220O WETLANDS HAS BEEN ADDED TO THE RAMSAR SITES. IN INDIA THE TOTAL NO. OF RAMSAR SITE IS 42. ITS MAIN WAS TO PROTECT ENDANDERED WETLANDS. GOVT. IS BONDED TO GIVE FUNDS FOR WETLANDS. 2ND FEB. IS OBSERVED AS THE WORLD WETLAND DAY..

THE STORY BEGINS FROM THE 19 TH CENTURY. THE DECENDENTS OF KING PRITHVI NARAYAN SHAH KEEP EXPANDING THEIR TERRITORY. THE BRITISHERS IN INDIA DID NOT LIKED THIS AND WAR BEGINGS (ANGLO NEPALI WAR) WAR BEGINS IN 1814 ANDED IN 1816. AT THE END OF THE WAR THE TREATY BETWEEN NEPAL AND EAST INDIA COMPANY SIGNED ( SUGAULI TREATY ) SIGNED IN 2 ND DECEMBER 1815 AND RATTIFIED ON 4 TH MARCH 1816. sugauli treaty video youtube   WHAT WAS UNDER THIS TREATY? UNDER THIS TREATY THE NEPALESE TERRITORY INCLUDING DARJEELING WERE HANDED OVER TO THE BRITISH EAST INDIA COMPANY. THE TREATY DEFINED THE MAHAKALI RIVER AS THE WESTERN BORDER OF NEPAL. THIS TREATY ALSO DEFINED RIVER GANDAK AS THE INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY BETWEEN INDIA AND NEPAL. REASON FOR THE DISPUTE? INDIA CLAIMS THAT THE RIVER MAHAKALI BEGINS IN KALAPANI. NEPAL CLAIMS THAT THE RIVER BEGINS FROM THE LIPULEKH PASS. AT THE TIME OF TREATY OF SUGAULI THE SUSTA REGION WAS ON THE RIGHT BANK OF THE RIV...

Democracy • • • It is a form of government in which the people have the authority to choose their governing legislation. The most common decision making approach of democracies has been the majority rule or supermajority or consensus. Types - Direct democracy or Indirect Democracy Historical background • 1. 2. 3. Ancient Greece The term "democracy" first appeared in ancient Greek political and philosophical thought in the city-state of Athens Cleisthenes is referred to as "the father of Athenian democracy." It took the form of a direct democracy decision taken by majority Medieval • 1. 2. 3. various systems involving elections or assemblies South Indian Kingdom of the Chola in the state of Tamil Nadu in the Indian Subcontinent had an electoral system at 920 A.D the Holy Roman Empire's Hoftag and Imperial Diets The Parliament of England had its roots in the restrictions on the power o...

IMPERIALISM imperialism—the domination by one country or people over another group of people From the sixteenth to the early nineteenth century, an era dominated by what is now termed Old Imperialism. In the Age of New Imperialism that began in the 1870s, European states established vast empires mainly in Africa, but also in Asia and the Middle East. Old Imperialism European nations established colonies in the Americas, India, South Africa, and the East Indies, and gained territory along the coasts of Africa and China In the first half of the nineteenth century, colonialism became less popular The Napoleonic Wars, the struggle for nationalism and democracy, and the cost of industrialization exhausted the energies of European nations However, in the mid-nineteenth century, Europe—especially Great Britain and France— began an economic revival During the Victorian Era, which lasted from 1837 to 1901, Great Britain became an industrial giant, providing more than 25 p...

Hans J. Morgenthau  was from Germany. Knowing the condition of Germany during the time of Hitler, he concluded that – the governing can do what they wish. In 1948, he wrote a book,  ‘Politics among Nations: The Struggle for Power and Peace’ 1. POLITICS IS GOVERNED BY OBJECTIVE LAWS, INHERITED IN HUMAN NATURE Human is always wants to control others and destroy their enemies. To understand IR one must understand the human nature. e.g., UNO  was made after the 2nd world war for the peace in the world order. A/c to morgenthau the international organistaions are made because everyone wants to survive and it was realised after the 2nd world war that all will be die if the third war will occur so the human by nature wants to live so the organisation to establisg peace is established. 2. National Interest defined in terms of National Power : This principle holds that nations always define and act for securing their national interests by means of power. ...

The modern history of India, for the convenience of understanding, can be broadly read under four approaches— the Colonial (or the Imperialist), Nationalist, Marxist, and Subaltern—each with its own distinct characteristics. However, there are other approaches— Communalist, Cambridge, Liberal and Neo-liberal, and Feminist. Colonial Approach dominant in 19th century The term ‘colonial approach’ has been used in two senses. One relates to the history of the colonial countries, while the other refers to the works which were influenced by the colonial ideology . colonial approach justified the british rulw in india and criticises the indegenous culture of india. colonial approach supporters  James Mill, Mountstuart Elphinstone, Vincent Smith and many others Nationalist Approach They tend to promote the nationalistic feeling among the people and unified the people on the basis of caste, religion or language. This approach looks at the national movement as a movement of th...

First of all we should clearly keep in mind that marx only focuses on the economy and divided the society on the basis of the economy... Marxist political power.... Marx belive the there is only limited power in society and it is accessible by only few people or by few group ( e.g., ministers) Marx said that in capitalism capitalist class hold the power and exploit the working class... ( Companies exploit the workers ) Marx believed that the structure if the society is determined by the nature of its economy. Capitalist, socialist. In capitalist the capitalisy class holds the power and regulate workers according to their will. And thats why the many countris have power only in few hands. To Marxist says that the rulling class can impose their ideology on the working class and the working class can believe that this is true if it is against their interest. ( False conciousness) E.g we are just following the rich people in our society and without thinking they ...